Start, run or save a business today !
d) Profitability
Ultimately, you will have to analyze whether the investments that you have been undertaking are profitable enough, i.e. whether they are sufficient to satisfy all the investors of the company (both the shareholders and the debtholders). In order to address this point, we will need to introduce the notions of Return On Equity (ROE), Cost of Equity (CE), Return On Capital Employed (ROCE) and WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital).
Return On Equity (ROE): the return on equity for the year N is given as the net income realized for this period divided by the book value of equity at the beginning of the period. This represents the return on the money which has been invested by the shareholders of the company (after corporate tax but before personal income tax).
N.B: The reason why we are
specifying that we shall work with the book value of equity is that it may
happen that the company is floated on the stock market (which is not really the
focus of this program, which is essentially designed for young entrepreneurs).